Valuasi Ekonomi Sumber Daya Alam dan Lingkungan: Tinjauan Literatur tentang Nilai Non-Pasar dan Keadilan Ekologis

Abstract

Economic valuation of natural resources and the environment is an important instrument for identifying environmental benefits and supporting decision-making. However, the dominance of monetary approaches may limit the recognition of non-market values, ecological functions, and social dimensions that cannot be fully expressed in monetary terms. This study aims to examine the limitations of economic valuation in representing non-market environmental values and to analyze its relationship with ecological justice. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach through a narrative literature review of 15 publications published between 2021 and 2025, selected from Google Scholar, Garuda, and journal publisher websites. The literature was analyzed through thematic grouping, comparison, and narrative synthesis. The findings indicate that economic valuation provides a useful basis for identifying environmental benefits, but monetary estimates alone are insufficient to represent the complexity of ecological values. The Total Economic Value (TEV) framework helps broaden the scope of environmental assessment, although its application still requires consideration of distributional justice, public participation, recognition of local knowledge, and ecological sustainability. This study proposes a five-stage conceptual framework that integrates value identification, transparency regarding monetary valuation limitations, benefit and burden distribution analysis, community participation, and ecological boundaries. The framework is expected to support more inclusive and equitable environmental decision-making.